Use of castings and forgings
Release time:
2022-12-15 11:02
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Use of castings and forgings
The application of castings and forgings in different industrial sectors may vary greatly. There are countless varieties of castings and forgings. A brief description of the castings and forgings used in several major industrial sectors is given.
Casting and forging power station equipment, power plant is a high-tech enterprise product, its main components under high load for a long time continuous system operation. Many components of thermal power plants and nuclear power plants also need to withstand the corrosion of high temperature and high pressure steam, so the reliability requirements of the components are very strict. Steel castings can meet these requirements to a large extent and are widely used in power plant equipment.
Casting and forging railway locomotives and vehicles, railway transportation and people's lives and property for safety management is closely related, therefore. Ensuring safety is essential because some key components of railway vehicles, such as wheels, side frames, rockers, hooks, etc., are traditionally cast steel components. The turnout used for railway switching is a component that bears strong visual impact and friction. The working conditions are very harsh and the shape is very complicated for the continuous development of environmental and economic conditions.
The working conditions of casting and forging construction, construction machinery and other vehicles, construction machinery and construction machinery are very harsh, and most of the parts are subjected to high load or impact wear, most of which are cast steel, such as driving wheels, bearing wheels, rocker arms, rail plates And other action systems. Generally, steel castings are rarely used by automobile companies, but special off-road vehicles and heavy trucks also use steel castings with a large amount of money.
Casting and forging smelting, casting and forging company to use electric furnace smelting, mainly electric arc furnace and induction control furnace. According to the different working materials of the protective furnace lining and the slag system used, it can be divided into the following two types: acidic furnace and alkaline furnace. As a kind of social smelting, carbon steel and low alloy steel can be smelted in any other furnace, but high alloy steel can only be smelted in some alkaline furnaces. casting process. The casting and forging has high melting point and poor fluidity, and the liquid steel is easy to oxidize and absorb. At the same time, its volume shrinkage is 2 to 3 times that of gray cast iron. Therefore, the casting technical performance of cast steel is relatively poor, which easily leads to defects such as insufficient gating system, hole making, shrinkage hole, hot crack, sand sticking, deformation and so on. In order to prevent the occurrence of the above defects, corresponding measures should be taken in this process.
The molding sand for castings and forgings should not only have high fire resistance and sand resistance, but also have high strength, permeability and surrender. Raw sand is usually silica sand with large and uniform particles; cavities are coated with a more refractory coating to prevent sand sticking; large parts are produced faster using sand molds or water glass sand than using molds. In order to improve the strength and flexibility of the mold, the sand is often added to various food additives in China.
Gating system and riser design. Since the cast carbon steel is prone to layered solidification and shrinkage, the gating system and riser should be set up according to the principle of multi-rigid continuous solidification. Prevent shrinkage and shrinkage. Generally speaking, steel castings are used to set the riser. Cold irons are also used more. In addition, should try to use different shapes for simple, large cross-sectional area of the bottom pouring operation system, so that the molten steel quickly and smoothly filling the mold.
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